Monday, April 21, 2014

World of the Kuna

The Kuna have plots of land in the jungle where they grow plantain, bananas, and avocados, and other fruits. They also grow corn, manioc and ñame.   
They eat a variety of wild game hunted from the jungle, but mostly catch fish, preferably talapia.They also drink a variety of chichas (drink made by boiling or mixing water and something else).
Cocoa chicha













The Kuna speak their own language called "Tule".  While on the San Blas islands, many Kuna speak Spanish and even some English.  Here are some phrases from their language:

  • Hello – Na
  • How are you? – Bede nued guddi?
  • Fine, thank you. And you? – An nuedi. Bedina?
  • Fine – Nuedi




They live traditionally in thatched roof huts made from materials readily found in the jungle such as bamboo and palm trees.


The Kuna women wear wrap around skirts and hand-made blouses known as "molas".  The Mola is a intricately sewn picture made from layers of cloth. The men wear a traditional Kuna shirt and pants, jeans, or shorts.  Kuna women paint their faces with achiote seeds.  They also usually wear a nose ring and paint a line down their nose.They wear winnis (bracelets and multi color beads) all over their arms and legs as well to protect themselves from bad spirits.



Molas created by the women
Winnis
Attire of a Kuna woman



Each populated island has a chief or 'sahila' who holds the highest position in the village. He has two or three deputy sahilas to help him, and an 'arkar', who acts as the chiefs interpreter passing on his pronouncements to the people. Below them come the 'sualipetmar' who are the equivalent of our police, and maintain order in the village.

Fun fact: they are the second shortest people in the world. The tallest of the Kuna people is around 4'8"

Kuna Beliefs/Cosmos

The Kuna are animists. They believe in a creator God who now is far away from them and that the poni, groups of malevolent spirits roam the earth entering peoples bodies causing sickness and disease.  The use the nuchus, small dolls carved out of balsa wood, to protect them from the poni.
Nuchus dolls

The Kuna people may have the highest cases of albinism in their culture.  According to legend, the albino people are called “moon children”. They are responsible for shooting arrows at the full moon. Since the moon controls the tides, they believe  the presence of albinos is a gift from the gods to protect them from rising tides.





Ceremonies

ikko inna (needle ceremony): a baby girl's nose is pierced for a gold nose ring

inna tunsikkalet (short ceremony): a puberty rite that usually lasts one or two days

inna suit (long ceremony): a ritual cutting of the hair that usually lasts three or more days. Once a young girl's hair is ritually cut short, she becomes available for marriage. Sometimes an inna suit is held for a very young girl even though she will not be ready for marriage for many years.



Kuna Homeland

The Kuna people reside on the San Blas Islands, which is the eastern section of Panama’s Caribbean Coast. 
Approximately 65 of the 350 islands are inhabited. There are several Kuna villages in the jungle areas of Panama on the Madungandi reservation. However, recently many have moved to Panama City for work and education at universities.
On the island, the ground consist of sand and compacted coral. The environment on both the islands and mainland is very tropical with palm trees and lots of humidity.